<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<ArticleSet>
  <Article>
        <Journal>
            <PublisherName>Scienceline Publications</PublisherName>
            <JournalTitle>Journal of Civil Engineering and Urbanism</JournalTitle>
            <ISSN>2252-0430</ISSN>
            <Volume>8</Volume>
            <Issue>2</Issue>
            <PubDate PubStatus="epublish">
             <Year>2018</Year>
             <Month>March</Month>
            </PubDate>
        </Journal>
        <ArticleTitle>Reduction of Damage of Buried Ammunition Depots
in the Ground by Crumb Rubber Cement against
Explosion Force</ArticleTitle>
        <FirstPage>17</FirstPage>
        <LastPage>24</LastPage>
        <ELocationID EIdType="url">ojceu.com/main/attachments/article/63/J.%20Civil%20Eng.%20Urban.%208%20(2)%2017-24,%202018.pdf</ELocationID>
        <Language>EN</Language>
        <AuthorList>
			<Author>
                <FirstName>Mehdi</FirstName>
                <MiddleName> </MiddleName>
                <LastName>Mirzaee</LastName>
                <Affiliation>Faculty of Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran</Affiliation>
			</Author>
			<Author>
                <FirstName>Mostafa</FirstName>
                <MiddleName> </MiddleName>
                <LastName>Vaezi</LastName>
                <Affiliation>Department of Maritime Engineering, Amir Kabir University, Tehran, Iran</Affiliation>
			</Author>
			<Author>
                <FirstName>Saeid</FirstName>
                <MiddleName> </MiddleName>
                <LastName>Mamandi</LastName>
                <Affiliation>Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch, Iran</Affiliation>    
			</Author>
			<Author>
                <FirstName>Omid</FirstName>
                <MiddleName> </MiddleName>
                <LastName>Abdolrahman</LastName>
                <Affiliation>Faculty of Engineering, Islamic Azad University, Mahabad Branch, Iran</Affiliation>    
			</Author>
			        </AuthorList>
            
        <Abstract>Nowadays, due to the development of missiles with high power of destruction and accuracy as well as
the increase in terrorist attacks, it is better to keep military equipment in the depth of the ground. Using the
underground structures (US) has been interested in shelters and ammunition depots for many years. But these
structures should also be resistant to surface explosions. For this purpose, the structure must be constructed at high
depths or the structure protected by the specific coating. The aim of this study was introduced and evaluates the
performance of a combined coating containing crumb rubber cement (CRC) to prevent the transmission of
compression waves. Hence, to check the effectiveness of this coating by modeling a buried structure in ANSYS LSDYNA
at a depth of 5 meters from the ground surface and placing crumb rubber cement CRC at a depth of 2 meters
from the ground surface and above the structure, the model was subjected to an explosion equivalent to 100 kilograms
of TNT was analyzed for 25 milliseconds. The results showed that by inserting crumb rubber cement CRC, because of
high elasticity with large deformations of crumb rubber (CR), adding it into concrete can absorb energy and reduce its
transfer to the Layers down, and therefore lead to a reduction in the amount of failure and pressure which applies to
the structure. To investigating the effect of the thickness of the CR layer, the pressure, and failure rate of the structure
was analyzed for 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5 m thickness layers. The results indicated that by increasing the thickness of the
CR from 0.1 m to 0.5 m, the pressure and failure rate is reduced. But the intensity of this decrease of 0.4 meters later
is very low so that it can be ignored. It is concluded that, CR with a thickness of 0.4m with concrete cover can be
considered as a recommended optimal design and an applicable strategy in the construction of buried structures on the
ground against the explosion forces.</Abstract>
        <KeywordsList>
                <Keyword>Ammunition depots</Keyword>
                <Keyword>Crumb rubber</Keyword>
		<Keyword>Concrete cover</Keyword>
		<Keyword>Explosion</Keyword>
		<Keyword>TNT</Keyword>
	</KeywordsList>
 </Article>
</ArticleSet>
