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Volume 5 (4); July 25, 2015
Research Paper
Looking Residential Situations in Unofficial Residence and Their Organization; Case Study Ghale Hassan Neighbourhood of Gorgan, Iran.
Razazi S., Ghorbani Rezaii E.
J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(4): 151-157, 2015; pii:S225204301500025-5
Abstract
Ghale Hassan, one of little unofficial residential area in Gorgan is facing a lot of social, economical and structural problems, Specialy in housing sector. Including Housing deficiency, low quality of the Houses and also inadaptability to the environment .This research was done with the aim of finding a way to improve and organize the housing situation and also the environment of this district. The method of research was explanatory - in analytical, the technic of collected data, field and library studies, the sample capacity 27 cases, and the method of random sampling classification. Majority of the houses in unofficial residence of Ghale Hassan are restorative and with short durability and also second hand materials and also without planning permission. Furthermore, setting of low income groups has made the house of this area to be unprofessional and also the period of building has been long. So any attempt to eradicate poverty from this district is an effective step in order to reduce housing problems. The residence does not feel that they belong and are not prepare to participate in improving the housing and their environment situation. By ableing the residents of this district to improve their housing situation and also their environment, some of the main existing problems will be solved.
Keywords: Unofficial Residence, Housing, Organizing, Rehabilitation, Improving Residence Quality
Research Paper
Sustainability Analysis of Tabriz Subway Tunnel, Line 1.
Akhgar M, Moumivand H.
J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(4): 158-164, 2015; pii:S225204301500026-5
Abstract
In recent decades, metropolises of Iran have been more populated and urban transportation has become a serious and important issue. Subway tunnel construction is one of the fundamental methods in solving heavy traffic problem of metropolises like Tabriz. Subway tunneling in loose urban lands causes different problems. Line one of twin tunnels of Tabriz subway is numerically analyzed using software: analysis after excavation of first tunnel without installation of supporting system, after installation of supporting system of first tunnel, and after construction of second tunnel. However, displacement around the tunnel, ground subsidence, forces on tunnel supporting system and safety factor of supporting system are analyzed. Results of the study show the first tunnel is totally falling without supporting system. After installation of supporting system in first tunnel using precast reinforced concrete (segment), maximum ground subsidence is 6.39 mm that increased 45% after construction of second tunnel and reached to 9.28. Safety factor of first tunnel supporting system against forces on it and safety factor after construction of second tunnel is 1.81 and 1.85, respectively.
Keywords: Sustainable Analysis, Tabriz Subway Tunnel, Subsidence, Forces on the Tunnel Support System
Research Paper
Study the Role of Architecture and Environmental Design in Crime Prevention with Emphasis on CPTED Approach.
Parto Sh, Ziabakhsh N.
J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(4): 165-169, 2015; pii:S225204301500027-5
Abstract
Nowadays, on the one hand with rising crime statistics, especially in the urban environments and awareness of crime prevention before the outbreak on the other hand, is expected to experts of environmental design and architecture have special attention to approaches that focused on reducing and deterring crimes through the interdisciplinary and communicative nature among various sciences which are involved in the town and its management. Accordingly, crimes prevention approaches throughout environmental designing have been considered by planners and designers of the field of architecture and urban planning. This paper is pointed the main and base role of designers and architectures in reducing and deterring urban crimes in CPTED approach after noted that introduction of theoretical motivation and necessity in the field of urban public safety, and is briefly mentioned the concepts, principals, paradigms, and strategies of this approach. Methodology of present research is analytical and attributive which will focus on content explanation and efficiency mechanism of this approach in our current urban environments. Finally, results indicate that can be emphasized on this point which is reduced the rate of urban crime occurrence through environmental design and architecture. This point will be discussed in terms of strategic and operational approaches.
Keywords: Security, Defensible Space, CPTED, Crime, Environmental Design
Research Paper
Assessment and Evaluation of Public Transportation System Using Similar Method to the Fuzzy Ideal Option.
Dawoudian J., Rezaei M.R., Keyvanloo Shahrestanaki A., Khanmohammadi A.
J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(4): 170-175, 2015; pii:S225204301500028-5
Abstract
Public transport systems improved quality of life. Safety, Health, reduce wasted time residents, strengthen social ties, increased movement speed, universal accessibility, from the dramatic benefits of a strong and efficient public transport systems are considered social life right now. The purpose of this study was to assess and prioritize public transport systems from the perspective of Mashhad's citizens on basic parameters such as safety, comfort, cost and time and the procedure is similar to the fuzzy ideal option. The results indicate that the public transportation systems metro rail the lowest interval 1.47 to 1.85 with a maximum distance from an ideal solution, fuzzy and anti-fuzzy ideal. On the other hand suggests that a similarity index value index includes the largest and most convenient form of urban rail public transportation from the point of view of citizens.
Keywords: Fuzzy, Metro Rail, Similarity Index, Transportation
Research Paper
Renovation and Restoration of Urban Deteriorated Area in Ilam Center with Respect to Improvement of Urban Public Spaces Quality.
Soleiman Nejad Z., Kordjamshidi M., Soleiman Nejad M.
J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(4): 176-184, 2015; pii:S225204301500029-5
Abstract
Today the quality of townscape, in the realm of renovation and restoration of deteriorated areas, is generally disregarded. These areas are mostly located in city centers. However, the low quality of townscape itself could be included among the elements of area deterioration and results in mental pressure and diminishing civic pride among the citizens. Concerning deteriorated area of commercial center of Ilam city as a case sample, in this article, firstly through library studies, the importance and elements of scape quality are determined. Then, applying field observations, it comparatively investigates the case sample and theoretical principles. Finally, after determination of site quality problems, useful suggestions are given in order to improve the quality of public space in Ilam center. Based on the fact that most of deteriorated area in Ilam center has not been organized yet, these suggestions could be highly influential in future improvements of spaces quality in Ilam center.
Keywords: Townscapes Quality, Deteriorated Areas, Ilam, Public Space, Renovation, Restoration
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Research Paper
Seismic Design of Eccentrically Braced Space Frame.
Hamzehzarghani F., Baradaran M. R.
J. Civil Eng. Urban., 5(4): 185-192, 2015; pii:S225204301500030-5
Abstract
Case studies of the design of a building employing three dimensional eccentrically braced frames as lateral force resisting system are discussed. The floor framing system consists of composite beams supported by long span trusses, which are then supported by exposed composite columns. The lateral system is a dual system. The primary lateral system is made of four EBFs supported by the eight composite columns and folded around the four corners of the main building. The secondary lateral system is a moment resistant space frame consisting of the floor trusses and the composite columns. Nonlinear pushover and earthquake response history analyses indicate that the dual structural system possesses substantial reserve strength over the code prescribed minimum lateral loads. The member yielding sequence and the distribution, as well as the extent of the plastic hinge rotations observed from the analyses illustrate that the building is likely perform satisfactorily under severe seismic events.
Keywords: Seismic Design, EBSF, Modelling, Pushover Analyses
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